WEBVTT
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It allows us to move from just predicting who will
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default to actually shaping the default. We're managing more than
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ten billion dollars in loans today, and while that might
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seem paltry compared to maybe some of the big five banks,
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of course it's a really, really large portfolio. If you
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think about all of those barbers who are delinquent, and
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you take the ones who are definitely going to pay
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you back whether or not you talk to them, well
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then you definitely shouldn't talk to them. Lms are, of
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course transformative. They're an unbelievable technology layer on our work,
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and I sort of imagine that they will eventually be
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diffused into almost all.
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Of our activities.
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Welcome back to Leaders Lending, where we explore what's next
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in the worlds of lending and financial innovation. I'm your host,
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Lynd Saderbil, and today we're talking about a part of
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lending that doesn't often get the spotlight. Servicing. It's where technology,
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operations and customer empathy all meet, and at ups art
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it's becoming a powerful driver of performance and borrowers success.
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Joining me today is Jesse Opink, who's the general manager
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of Servicing at Upstart. Jesse, do you want to introduce
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yourself for our listeners.
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Ellen, thanks for having me excited to be here. I
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joined Upstart a little bit over seven years ago, and.
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I came up on the product side.
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I was a product manager number two are our product
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management function was relatively late to develop, you know, and
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I've gotten a chance to work across our personal owns function,
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a little bit in growth, product, a little bit with
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machine learning, and and now for for the last two years,
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I've been the general manager of servicing, you know, which
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I think really combines my passion for great customer experiences,
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you know, with with my desire to run scaled in
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and highly effective businesses.
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Awesome.
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Well, I think the one thing I think, you know,
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we we do a lot of unique things here at Upstart,
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and we do I think a lot of them very well.
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And this is an area that's been a big area
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of focus for the past couple of years as you've
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become the general manager and have been really leading the servicing, product,
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engineering and operations teams. One of the things you've said before,
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and I think you may have shared this at the
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client summit with many of our clients and potential clients,
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is that servicing is really just underwriting with an operational twist.
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What did you mean by that?
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Yeah, you know, as you as you mentioned, I have
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been at Upstart for I guess seven years last Saturday,
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so just just past the seven year mark. And of
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course I had spent the first five years working, you know,
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very deeply in upstarts core business that is predicting who
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will default and then pricing them correctly, our our underwriting business.
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And so when I joined servicing a little over two
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years ago, I really tried to think quite a lot
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about what it meant for us to take our core
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competency and apply those skills to this relatively new space.
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And I guess the way that I would say is
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that in underwriting, your job is to take maybe all
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of these applicants. You're taking applicants, you're sort of lining
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them up in riskiness, you're spacing them not correctly, and
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then you're determining generally what risk based price is associated
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with the level of risk that you see for each applicant.
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And I think in many ways you really want to
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do the same kind of thing with servicing. You want
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to maybe take all of these loans, you want to
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line them up from least risky to most risky. But
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in underwriting you have this sort of unfair advantage that
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is that you can maybe take any person who's risk
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is too high, and if you don't like how risky
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they are, well you just don't offer them alone. And
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in servicing we actually have a little bit more operational complexity.
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We are forced to maintain our relationships with these customers,
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and so instead of being able to maybe just say, oh,
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this person is too risky and we're not going to
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work with them at all, we instead have to maybe
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look only at the range of operational levels that we
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have to change their riskiness today, to move from how
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risky they are today to how risky they might be tomorrow.
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And I think of this as a really really powerful
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part of our overall opportunity at Upstart, because it allows
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us to move from just predicting whole default to actually
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shaping little defaults.
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That's a little bit what I mean.
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Yeah, Now it's super I think super interesting is really
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kind of applying the the data science or behavioral predictions
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after origination, I'm kind of dynamically handling that relationship as
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you move forward with the customer. I like the idea
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of what you said of You know, if you identify
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a higher risk pre origination, you can than their APR.
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If you identify that after you have to still figure
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out a way to work with that customer and to
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maximize the returns that you're getting from them.
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That's something that we've been actually really focused on in Servicing.
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That is like, oh, we you know, not only want
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to be good at the risk prediction part of our work,
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but we also want to have a really wide range
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of operational levers. And so one way tactically that this
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has played out for us is that we really want
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to have collectors with a range of experience and persuasive capabilities.
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You know, you might imagine that maybe on the extreme,
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if you are collecting on very very small dollar amounts,
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it's it's probably actually not worth it for you to
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have someone really high end making that call. You might
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actually even want to stick with just digital only collections.
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But on the other hand, if you have someone who
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maybe owes you tens of thousands of dollars, maybe has
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a a secured asset that they really care about, you know,
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and and maybe need some coaching to get to a
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good a good outcome, well, that starts to look a
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whole lot more like artisanal sales. It looks like a
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really persuasive and engaged conversation, you know. And and so uh,
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I guess our work in the last couple of years
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has been both trying to build out our risk predictive capabilities,
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the ability to decide which loans are risky and which
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are not, but also a much broader range of operational
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capabilities from collections, hardships, settlements, uh, you know, and uh
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and recovery options.
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No, that's I think that's super interesting. And you know,
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and certainly the business that you're running has a really
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large scale, uh that it is a large business that
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we are servicing and across multiple products now versus just
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the the original personal loan uh fixed rate installment loan
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product that Upstart is known for. So maybe talk to
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me a little bit about like why is the servicing
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operation different, particularly for the size of the organization.
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Yeah, I definitely do think there are some parts of
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servicing that are really well plumbed, you know, and well
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known in the industry, you know, and then some parts
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that really give us some opportunity. And maybe I think
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of us generally as we scale as having the opportunity
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to do more and more things with novelty. That is, like,
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you know, we're managing more than ten billion dollars in
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loans today. And while that might seem paltry compared to
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maybe some of the big five banks, you know, of course,
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it's a it's a really really large portfolio, you know
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when you think about it at an absolute level, and
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that sort of gives us the opportunity to really make
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deep investments in our technology infrastructure. You know, we have
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a large engineering team. We have not that large, but
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very high talent and growing machine learning team, you know,
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and we have a set of vendor partnerships you know,
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in the in the low low dozens, and these are
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these are kinds of infrastructure and partnerships that you know,
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most lenders just can't justify on their own. If you
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think about, you know, maybe trying to set up this
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kind of a technology organization. You know, if you were
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managing a portfolio of maybe uh, you know, one tenth
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or one fifth our size, then trying to amortize those
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costs wouldn't make sense. And you know, we're really quite
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excited about the opportunity to build out that technology in
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a way that deliberately plans for scale and then use
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the sort of operational leverage of our scale to reinvest
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in more technology build out.
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Yeah.
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Now, I think that's a really interesting point, Like you
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think about the things that upstart is known for, and
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we do really well our core competencies, and then applying
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it to this area and really being able to do
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kind of the basic things that content acts, compliance, collections,
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all the specialty items you mentioned, but then really having
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that enterprise level infrastructure run like supporting it and learning
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from all of those repayment events that your team sees
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every day.
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To bring it back to that first point that I
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was sharing a little bit earlier, I think this is
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a perfect machine learning problem. That is, it's very high
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analytical complexity, you know. That is, Oh, what we care
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about in servicing is not really whether someone pays us
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just tomorrow, but whether they pay us over the next three,
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five or seven years depending on the loan term, you know,
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and deciding whether we should be really pursuing collections hard,
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whether we should be approaching someone with an offer of
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a modified payment schedule for short term relief or actually
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offering a much longer term and more permissive settlement. Well, well,
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this is this is something that has an objectively correct
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answer but is extremely extremely hard to predict. So the
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combination of high analytical complexity, massive personalization, and as we
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were just talking about this sort of ten years of
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data from Upstart's history and servicing, I think this is
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this is something that really gives us a great position
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to build out the kind of scaled program that it
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would just not be economical for smaller portfolios to deliver.
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Yeah.
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Absolutely, I think the scale is important. And you know,
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it's a lot of the reason that that partners work
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with us on the on the underwriting and customer acquisition side, right, Like,
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we have the very large marketing engine to to identify
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and acquire the customers that they will want to convert
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into members or or into customers and cross sell them,
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and we can apply that same scale in this area
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and really deliver a delightful experience while maximizing their returns.
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One thing that you said that that kind of caught
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my attention is that you've got in a third party's
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and vendors maybe in like the dozens that you're working with,
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and so you know that is certainly an operational challenge,
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and how do you think about all of that vendor
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management and like quality and oversight and more of kind
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of the core operational function of working with those sorts
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of BPOs and vendors.
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I think this is such a good question because there's
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really a strong tension in servicing and that is maybe
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number one that I want to invest our energy in
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doing things that we can do differently and better than
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other kinds of organizations. You know, and boy call centers,
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they've been around for a long time, They've been optimized
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in really really deep ways. And at the same time,
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you know, we really want to set a very very
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high quality bar and we want to make sure we're
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delivering better than simply industry standard. And the way that
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we think about that in relationship to vendors is really
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that it starts with pretty clear accountability. We have this
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dual ownership model where both our internal teams and our
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partners really share responsibility for these outcomes. And the way
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that we sort of materialize that in the world. While
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we run random audits, of course, we try to spend
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a lot of time with our vendors.
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We're doing a lot of site visits.
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Uh, you know, we have a pretty clear performance scorecards,
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you know, and then we want to make sure that
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actually those things are backed up with very clear quality
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incentives in our contracts with those vendors. You know, we
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want to make sure that our incentives are aligned and
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when we do well, they do well, you know. And
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and generally what that means for us is like, if,
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for example, an error rate it creeps above our target,
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then we want to make sure that there are contractual penalties.
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But if conversely, quality improofs the partner is going to
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win more volume, they're going to be able to grow,
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and they're gonna be able to sort of benefit from
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that relationship with us. So you know, in this regard,
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you know, I would say that managing vendors well and
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doing doing contracts, this isn't really the flashy part of servicing.
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It's really just about building trust and enforcing consistency and
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and really identifying root causes really clearly when things go wrong.
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Yeah, and I think so less scenario where you'd maybe
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focus on novelty and more about just being precise and
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having discipline and having good communication between you and the
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vendors as well to make sure that you're all I
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think agreeing on what quality is and how you're measuring